Training Concepts

When it comes to training, I utilize the tools that will work best for a particular pet and a particular problem.  I do not limit training to a handful of techniques, as there are many effective ways to handle various issues. I may use clickers on one client, pure verbal on another, treats on another, etc. However, I do not employ e-collars or choke chains.

When it comes to training, the words "reinforcement" and "punishment" seem to have very obvious definitions. In fact, when it comes to behavior it is not always obvious and sometimes can be quite confusing!

Be wary of trainers who tell you they ONLY utilize positive, reward based training!! This can be misleading and may  be an indicator of lack of knowledge of learning theory. 
 
When it comes to training and behavior modification, terms like "positive" and "negative" are specific psychological terms with specific definitions.  A trainer may not know this, or they may simply be using the terms in their most common, lay-person format.  Be sure you know what your trainer's intentions are before you write that check!
 
 
Reinforcers are consequences that increase the frequency of a certain behavior.
 
Punishers are consequences that decrease the frequency of a certain behavior.  
 
Positive is the application of a consequence.
 
Negative is the removal of a consequence. 
 
 
Whatever problem you are experiencing with your pet 
will determine what type of conditioning we use.

 

Positive reinforcement

- When something enjoyable occurs during a behavior in an attempt to increase that behavior

- Ex: you praise a dog for coming when called

- "Enjoyable" experiences can be praise, treats, toys, walks, petting, etc. 

 

Negative punishment

- When something enjoyable is removed during a behavior in an attempt to decrease that behavior

- Ex: you ignore a dog who is barking for your attention

- In this case, your attention is the "enjoyable" experience


Positive punishment

- When something aversive is added during a behavior in an attempt to decrease that behavior

- Ex: squirting a cat with a water bottle for jumping on the counter


 

Negative reinforcement

 - When something aversive is removed during a behavior in an attempt to increase that behavior

- Ex: when a dog moves away from the invisible fence boarder, the shock ceases

- Ex: the dinging sound in your car stops after you click your seatbelt 

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